Most transform literals are formed by constructors. These are summarized in the following table.
| Constructor | Param types | Description | 
|---|---|---|
| rotate(A,P,X) | scalar,point,vector | Rotate Adegrees about pointPwith axisXaccording to the right hand rule. See Right hand rule.PandXare both optional and default to the origin and
   the z-axis respectively. | 
| translate(X) | vector | Translate by X. | 
| scale(S) | scalar | Scale uniformly by factor S. | 
| scale(V) | vector | Scale along each axis by components of V. | 
| project() | — | Same as scale([1,1,0]). | 
| project(S) | scalar | Perspective projection with view center at origin and projection
 plane z=- S. | 
| perspective(S) | scalar | Perspective transform identical to project(S)except that the z-coordinate of the transformed result is
 pseudodepth, usable by the hidden surface algorithm. | 
| view(E,D,U) | point,vector,vector | View transform similar to that of OpenGL's.  The
eye pointEis translated to the origin while a rotation
is also applied that makes the view direction vectorDand the view “up” vectorUpoint in the negative
z- and the y-directions respectively.  IfUis
omitted, it defaults to [0,1,0]. WhenUis omitted,Dmay be also; it defaults to(0,0,0)-(E), a vector
pointing from the eye toward the origin. | 
| view(E,L,U) | point,point,vector | An alternate form of view(E,D,U)above where
 the view direction parameterDis replaced with a
“look at” pointL, i.e., a point where the viewer is focusing
her attention.  This form of view is equivalent toview(E, (L)-(E), U), where(L)-(E)is a direction
vector.Uis optional and defaults to [0,1,0]. | 
| [[a_11,a_12,a_13,a_14] [a_21,a_22,a_23,a_24] [a_31,a_32,a_33,a_34] [a_41,a_42,a_43,a_44]] | 16 scalars | Direct transform matrix definition. Each
  of the a_ij is a scalar expression.  If you don't know what
  this is about, you don't need it. | 
project
constructor is not generally useful because it
defeats hidden surface removal by collapsing the scene onto a single
plane.  It is a special purpose transform for drawing pictures of
scenes where three-dimensional objects are being projected onto
planes.  See, for example, Overview.